In 1999 when I was at the University of Montana, I attended a workshop with the poet Jorie Graham. I was there as an observer as I was in the fiction MFA program, not poetry. Several poets submitted a poem to workshop with Graham. I'll never forget watching as she took one person's pretty good poem and turned it into a stunning poem simply by deleting. She didn't suggest a single addition, just suggested deleting this word, this line, etc. It was MAGIC. I love the revision process now. When it goes well, I feel like a good witch, taking the ingredients of the spell that is the first draft and transforming it into a real story. (Though sometimes I wish I could give it to Jorie Graham and beg her to do it for me. Genius.)
I recently found a couple pages of notes I took from that workshop and thought I'd share them here. These are 12 years old and are not direct quotes but my paraphrasing what Graham said, so it's possible I have misunderstood her. Although she's talking about poetry, I think what she taught applies in interesting ways to fiction as well.
Poetry is a conversation with silence
First lines you write (in free verse) establishes a rhythm and all else is in conversation with that.
Don't think in terms of liking a poem. Can you do what the poem is asking you to do? (Goes along with our discussion here.)
Cliche is exceptionally good writing that isn't fresh
Write a poem blind, instinctual. In order to edit, you have to learn to be a reader of your own work. A workshop is practice at being a reader of others' works.
Write to complete self
Wallace Stevens is seen as a cerebral poet and Walt Whitman is seen as a sensual poet. In fact, Stevens is sensual, so his poetry strains toward cerebral, and Whitman is cerebral, and his poetry strains toward the sensual.
That last point I find so interesting and encouraging. And so true. Whatever weaknesses we have as writers (or as human beings) can become our strengths. We are not doomed. As we grow as writers, we study our words and detect our weaknesses. We hone our abilities to read critically in workshops. We read great writers who can do (seemingly naturally) what we can't. We learn.
When I was an untested writer in an MFA program, I was well aware of my weaknesses: I was not a poet. I lacked the ability to describe a setting and a scene so that the reader felt as if she were there. My writing was sparse and un-lyrical. I struggled to put well-rounded characters on the page. Twelve years later, reviews of my writing often describe my writing in opposite way. I hope to keep improving. I hope as a writer I keep evolving. We are never stuck. As long as we are readers, we are never stuck.
I love that idea of your weaknesses becoming your strengths. And being able to improve. Thanks, Shannon!
Posted by: Sondy | February 08, 2011 at 10:49 AM
Excellent post with lots to think about, thanks.
Posted by: Spbowers.blogspot.com | February 08, 2011 at 10:49 AM
You always seem to say just what I need to hear, Shannon! :)
I just finished the first draft of my book during NaNoWriMo '10 and I was stuck for nearly 2 months, not knowing how to edit what needed to be edit and fix the gaping plotholes.
This is so helpful (and makes me feel better about the 15 pages I just cut).
Posted by: Christen | February 08, 2011 at 11:11 AM
I'm shocked to hear that you didn't consider your writing to be lyrical when you were in the MFA program. It definitely is now...just beautiful.
Posted by: Christy | February 08, 2011 at 11:12 AM
Thought-provoking words. (And your writing is most definitely lyrical now, and your characters well-rounded!)
Posted by: Katie | February 08, 2011 at 11:33 AM
What if you really desire to write, but can think of nothing about which you can write or if you think of something it's already done by better hands?
Posted by: Rebecca Drake | February 08, 2011 at 11:36 AM
What a cool workshop... good luck with your witch-ering.
Posted by: Je Reve | February 08, 2011 at 11:39 AM
This is so encouraging! I really struggle with writing believable, coherent plot lines. But if you used to struggle to write lyrically, then maybe there really is hope for me, because your writing is beautiful.
Posted by: megwrites | February 08, 2011 at 01:29 PM
What a great post! I agree that there's nothing so satisfying as cutting out the fat and 'gunk' (as my 3-yr-old says). The words that remain are so much cleaner and you can feel your writing getting tangibly better!
Thanks for the encouraging words!
Posted by: Laura | February 08, 2011 at 01:55 PM
This gives me a lot of hope.
Posted by: mary | February 08, 2011 at 02:38 PM
I'm glad to have been told that weakness's can be strengths, that we're not totally hopeless. Thanks!
Posted by: Kelly C. | February 08, 2011 at 03:52 PM
Much as I loved this post, I have to tell you that as I was reading it, my ten year old son came up behind me and asked, "What's a writer witch?" When I explained, I also remarked that the article was written by Shannon Hale. His response: "Oh, Shannon Hale! I think I'll read her right now!" And he grabbed his beloved copy of Rapunzel's Revenge off the shelf and plopped onto the couch!
Posted by: Hannah | February 08, 2011 at 06:53 PM
I love hearing about things successful authors struggled with early on. Now if only you'd let us read some of your early work to show us how far you've come!
Posted by: Stephanie | February 08, 2011 at 07:12 PM
Thank you for sharing those words with us, Shannon, for they are so helpful and encouraging. Plus, I never really thought about it that way. I mean, I read the blog post about honing your internal critic, not your internal reader, but I never really thought about it applying to writing as well as reading. You have to be your book's reader.
Posted by: gracie | February 09, 2011 at 06:43 AM
I loved these thoughts. I consider myself lyrical when I write poetry, but my fiction comes out scruddy (no plot, no good characters, no scene descriptions). Just empty. But it's great to learn that it gets better.
Posted by: Esther | February 09, 2011 at 02:43 PM
Thanks for the inspiration. Superficially, I know that weaknesses can be overcome through practice and dedication. Feeling and remembering that fact deep down, however, is more difficult. Thanks for being inspiring!
Posted by: Angela | February 09, 2011 at 05:35 PM
That was fascinating for me, as I am a striving poet, :)
Posted by: PrincessLoucida | February 10, 2011 at 07:34 AM
Great post and so true. As long as we keep kicking along, we'll get to our destination.
Posted by: Melissa Cunningham | February 10, 2011 at 02:18 PM
WHOA! Just by deleting?
Posted by: yaks | February 20, 2011 at 10:25 AM
SOOOO not a poet. But my magic is worked by singing. So I had to try. :)
Posted by: Amberargyle | March 25, 2011 at 05:39 PM